Mesothelioma is primary tumors

Mesothalioma are primary tumors that arise from the pleural surface (80% of cases) or peritoneum (20% of cases). Approximately ¾ of a tumor diffuse pleural mesothalioma (usually malign), and the remaining ¼ of the local tumor (usually benign). The ratio of men to women patients than in 3:1. Many studies have confirmed malignant pleural mesothalioma relationship with exposure to asbestos (mainly form crocidolit). Lifetime risk to asbestos workers for the development of malignant pleural mesothalioma approximately 8%. Clinicians should inquire about exposure to asbestos through mining, milling, factory, shipyard workers, insulation, brake shoes, building construction and demolition, roofing materials, and various variations of asbestos products (pipes, textiles, paints, tiles, packaging, boards). Mesothalioma 60-80% of patients reported a history of asbestos exposure. Although cigarette smoking increases the risk of carcinoma broncogenic in asbestos workers and exacerbate asbetosis, there was no relationship between smoking and mesothalioma.
The average age at onset of symptoms mesothalioma approximately 60 years. Latent period between exposure and onset of symptoms is 20-40 years. Its symptoms are not obvious shortening of breath that initially, nonpleuritic chest pain, and weight loss. Physical invention consists of deaf on percussion, decreased breath sounds, and in some cases found the finger drum / clubbing. Radiographic abnormalities consisted of a nodular pleural thickening, irregular, unilateral, and unilateral pleural effusion with varying degrees. CT scans can help show extensive pleural involvement.
Pleural liquid form and often hemorrhagic exudate. opened pleural biopsy is usually necessary to obtain adequate samples for histological diagnosis, although in the end, the distinction from benign inflammatory conditions and adenocarcinoma metastases difficult to do. Variations mesothalioma histology was epithelial and fibrous (sarcomatous). Special staining and electron microscopy is needed to make the diagnosis.
Mesothalioma growing rapidly with the spread of tumor along the pleural surface involving the pericardium, mediastinum, and contralateral pleura. The tumor eventually spread out with the involvement of thoracic lymph node and abdominal organs. Progressive pain and dyspnea typically found. Average survival from onset of symptoms ranges from about 5 months in extensive disease until 16 months at the local disease, and about 75% of patients died in the first years after diagnosis. Therapy with surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and combinations of these methods has been carried out but no one has succeeded. Some surgeons believe that pneumonectomy ekstrapleural well as surgery performed on patients who are at early stages of disease. Drainage of pleural effusion, pleurodesis, radiation therapy and even surgical resection can provide palliative benefit in some patients.